Blogging about Society, individual and collective behaviour/herd mentality, nudges,economics,business,politics,sports and spirituality and on all the other subjects about which I know very little !!
Plato in his magnum opus Republic has given an Allegory of the Cave which is widely called Cave Theory to emphasise on the lack of education on our nature which is similar to the prisoners inside the cave .Prisoners inside the cave see only images of reflection which are only shadows of the reality in the dim light.Plato being the disciple of Socrates has written this as a dialogue between his brother and Socrates. The prisoners free themselves from the bonded chains in the caves and come out and see that what they have experienced is not reality but reality outside the cave exists. This allegory shows that the human senses when chained to the cave do not allow humans to think beyond the cave images. In this allegory Plato keeps mathematics, geometry and deductive logic at the third and highest level of education.
There is a similarity of this to Indian philosophy of Advaita, in which in simple terms it is said that what we experience is not the reality and it is more like an illusion what we dream in our sleep. Adi sankara when explaining this illusory phenomenon says that this happens due to Avidya or lack of education which is awareness. When we realise our true self we become one with our Creator and realise there is only one Absolute and there is no second- "A dvaita"- only" Brahmam Sathya" and this "Jagat(Earth) Mythya(myth/illusion)".
So in a way both the concepts of philosophy talk about Education or lack of it and its effect, impact on human understanding. Human minds are conditioned by experiences, perceptions and memory impressions and their interplay, without comprehension of the reality or the true nature of human existence.
Bhagawan Krishna in his Gita also emphasizes on this Avidya (Chapter 4)and suggests ways to come out of it(chapter 5). The best and the easiest way is to surrender our ego to Bhagwan and continue with our duty selflessly without any attachment to the fruits of our actions.
Ram temple has been the dream of millions of Indians who are Hindus, Sikhs,Buddhists, Jains and even some Muslims if not Christians,Jews etc. Why I said some Muslims, is because some of them regard and pay respect to Lord Ram as one of their ancestors. I learnt that some Muslim women of Varanasi have been performing "Shri Ram Aarti" for the past 14 years every day and sing Ram dhun.
Maryada Purushottam Ram has a special place in the ethos, culture, literature,traditions and whatnot of this country from Himalayas to Kanyakumari.He is a symbol of love and compassion and is celebrated that way in all Asian countries of Nepal, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Malaysia, Cambodia, Indonesia and Phillipines ,as I know of. Even Thailand's Royal Kings use the name of Ram in their titles.
Ram has been a symbol of Unity and Gandhiji in modern days extensively used Ram for uniting the people of India under the banner of Purna Swaraj for Bharat. Gandhi in his Autobiography says that Ramayana and Harichandra play left indelible marks in shaping his personality defining his principles of Sathya and Ahimsa. All through his struggle for Independence he stressed the need for Ram Rajya and what it symbolises for. In his own words,
"BY RAMARAJYA I do not mean Hindu Raj. I mean by Ramarajya Divine Raj, the Kingdom of God. For me Rama and Rahim are one and the same deity. I acknowledge no other God but the one God of truth and righteousness.
Whether Rama of my imagination ever lived or not on this earth, the ancient ideal of Ramarajya is undoubtedly one of true democracy in which the meanest citizen could be sure of swift justice without an elaborate and costly procedure. Even the dog is described by the poet to have received justice under Ramarajya. (YI, 19-9-1929, p. 305)
By political independence I do not mean an imitation to the British House of commons, or the soviet rule of Russia or the Fascist rule of Italy or the Nazi rule of Germany. They have systems suited to their genius. We must have ours suited to ours. What that can be is more than I can tell. I have described it as Ramarajya i.e., sovereignty of the people based on pure moral authority. (H, 2-1-1937, p. 374)
My Hinduism teaches me to respect all religions. In this lies the secret of Ramarajya. (H, 19-10-1947, p. 378)
If you want to see God in the form of Ramarajya, the first requisite is self-introspection. You have to magnify your own faults a thousand fold and shut your eyes to the faults of your neighbours. That is the only way to real progress. (H, 26-10-1947, p. 387)" (Link)
The above defined the course of Gandhiji's path in his life and in his independence movement mobilising the masses.
So Ram is deeply imbibed in Indian culture and Ayodhya is the holy point from where this has emanated and engrossed the whole country. Like Gandhiji , Lord Ram had covered the length and breadth of this country , of course mostly by foot meandering through the thickly infested forests- Dhandakaranya, Janasthan- and then to Sri Lanka.Like Gandhiji, he stood firm on his beliefs and promises come what may. Like Gandhiji, he led a life of renunciation and penance to keep up his promise.Like Gandhiji, he wanted to shun violence and pardon his opponent for his misdeeds by giving him an opportunity to return Sita back .
Gandhiji truly imbibed all the best moral characteristics Lord Ram stood for and that is why even when he was shot he died uttering "Hey Ram".
Gandhiji said Unto the Last and this inclusive concept started from Ram nam.In Vishnu Sahasranam , Parvati asks how a simpleton who does not know 1000 names of Vishnu will ever worship the Lord and Eswar obliges Her saying that Ram naam is equal to 1000 names of Vishnu .So the last man standing shall worship by chanting Ram naam so that nobody is left behind.
So constructing a Ram temple in Ayodhya in independent India has been the dreams of millions of indians for over 500 years and the foundation stone laying on 5th August has been the culmination of this dream.
The four states of Consciousness or is it five states really:
1) Jagrat- when we are fully awake and when all our 5 senses are active and mind and the body work in tandem. What we do in this state of wakefulness has been described in all our philosophies and Katho Upanishad's story of Nachiketa's dialogue with Yama gives a glimpse. When the young boy Nachiketa asks Yama for the third boon asking him to explain the mystery of what happens after death, Yama after showing reluctance initially ,answers and blesses Nachiketa for his steadfastness .Yama says the Self/Soul is the lord of the chariot, the body is the chariot, the intellect is the charioteer, the mind is the reins, and the five senses are the horses leading the chariot wallowing through the desires of life.
The same is also told by Bhagawan Krishna in Chapter 3 verse 43 indirectly when he said "jahi Shatrum kama roopam dhurasatham" -that for slaying the lust and desires, one should control the senses through the strength of the soul with the discerning intellect (buddhi) as the charioteer and mind as the reins.
The great Thiruvalluvar also says
"ஒருமையுள் ஆமைபோல் ஐந்தடக்கல் ஆற்றின்
எழுமையும் ஏமாப் புடைத்து. (Like a tortoise withdrawing its limbs and head into its shell, if all the five senses are controlled by an individual in one birth, it will continue to guide him for seven births) kural 126
2. the second stage is Swapna and this is the stage where the person is taken to the world of illusion and many philosophers say that this stage of swapna in sleep itself is swapna within a swapna. When we realise Jagat as mithya(Brahma sathyam , we know that even in the state of wakefulness we are experiencing an illusory world. So this state of Swapna while sleeping is called "Swapna inside a Swapna". It is also called mind weaving dream experiences which try to imitate real-life instances.
3.Sushupti which is the third stage , is that of deep sleep when the mind is at rest and all the five senses losing their original state, the self losing its relevance and one with the universal consciousness. "i" is dead in Sushupti (உறங்குதல் போலும் சாக்காடு...). 4) Turiya , the fourth stage, is called Transcendental consciousness which is experienced as being one with the Whole, where the distinction between Self and the Absolute is realised and observed. This is a higher state of mind called Savikalpa Samadhi. 4) Turiyata or Chidakasa is the ultimate stage, where the Self is lost and the distinction between Self and Absolute dissolves and the whole universe is realised as Paramatman. The mind becomes Sat-chit-ananda.This is the highest state of mind called Nirvikalpa Samadhi. Saints like Kanchi Periava, Ramana Maharishi, Kuzhandaiananda Swamigal, Seshadri Swamigal, Shirdi Sai baba were all living examples of this during 20th century. Are we not blessed to have seen or known them during our lifetime!!Some good karma.!!
RBI consumer confidence survey was done in May 2020, which came out a few days back paints a dark picture of consumer confidence. It has hit rock bottom so far.link. Whether it will hit another bottom is a moot point.
According to RBI Consumer confidence collapsed in May with the Current Situation Index (CSI) touching a historic low of 63.7 dipping from 85.6 in March 20. One year ahead Future Expectations Index entered the zone of pessimism at 97.9 for the first time after Modi govt. took charge, falling from 115.2 just two months ago.
These are all negative news, but as expected. However these are lag news and therefore markets looking for lead indicators ignored this. We all now know that Covid 19 has wreaked havoc on our economic health more than what it could do to people health.
But there are several silver linings like not many people do not expect price levels to go up. If we discount the "recency bias" in their opinions and perceptions,I still find 14.4 % people saying in May 2020 that the economy has improved. We must also keep the date of survey and context in our minds. The survey date is between May 5-17 and in the midst of Covid fear, with lakhs of migrant workers walking and shown endlessly 24x7 in TV news. Sometimes I wondered how come with so many trains and buses being stopped which were all running overcrowded, people are managing commuting and travelling. Our media has put a little spin and exaggeration to this by labelling every traveller on foot a migrant labourer leaving for his native place. Every reporter worth his salt with a mike on hand interviewed every single person on foot asking whether he was migrant labour and everyone being asked acknowledging it. Now I understand that all those trains and buses running daily are only for migrant labourers!! That is beside the point.
Coming back to my point that almost 14.4% of people still finding that the economy has improved is a testimony to the confidence of the people on the Govt. Govt has rightly acted with alacrity by announcing Rs.21 lac crore bundled package which will make supply-side fire on all cylinders. All of us agree that it is the supply side which needs time to pick and put all its pieces together. But the confidence and speed with which Supply-side can get back on its feet, essentially depends on its perception of demand perking up. The demographic dividend is a major contributor to the demand but Future Expectations Index indicator is a proxy for this perception by the Supply-side. When FEI is weak, it is time for the Govt. to understand that income levels are falling and people are losing faith in the strength of the economy. This pessimism will damage the Supply-side booster shots going waste unless the perception is reversed quickly. Opening up of the economy after lockdown will itself augur optimism but sustaining it depends on Demand-side actions by the Govt. To kickstart a flagging economy, the man on the street who is the ultimate consumer must get his job back, his income back and basically his dreams about the future back.
Govt must work for getting his dreams back without losing time. Cut Auto sector GST, for a start.
